Tuesday, December 17, 2013

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi

Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the name given to a small sized but considerably tough dog breed. This type of Dog has strong muscles, equally strong bones and an unusually heavy weight for its size. But despite the body build, the Pembroke Corgi is famed for its great liveliness and astonishing speed. Many people have referred this type of dog as having all the qualities of a big dog but packed in an extraordinarily small package. Due to its excellent qualities, the Pembroke was very popular on Welsh farmlands where farmers used this type of dog to herd cattle by training them to rip on the cattles heels.

The description of the Pembroke Corgi has however changed as society became more modernized and its talents have now been put to use as an excellent companion animal. Pembroke Welsh Corgis also compete with larger dogs such as the German Shepherd and the Collie in the rank of the Herding Group established by the American Kennel Club (AKC). The Pembroke is also a very energetic dog and is full of energy and stamina. He is keen and tough and is not in reality small but rather is short. Its body size is the same as that of a medium-sized dog but the Pembrokes legs are considerably short. Leg length is however enough and the dog can be very fast if the situation demands so. His head resembles that of a fox, with very upright ears. The eyes are oval shaped and dark and they also display a very alert and bright expression. Pembroke Corgis are also very smart and express deep interest in their surrounding environment. They are also said to be generally well-behaved and respectful. Because the dog was designed to herd cattle, agility is a special characteristic of the Pembroke in order to evade the kicks by the cattle. The nature of the dogs duty requires a special kind of fitness in both body and mind and the Pembroke is also required to take on its task with much enthusiasm and endurance.

This animal is pleasurably to be around largely due to its distinct sense of humor as well as a very wise approach to life. Pembroke Welsh Corgis are also famed for their very admirable and fluffy coats that do not tangle. N appearance, they resemble short German Shepherds (Eldredge 11-12 Alexander s 2-8).

Creation of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi  
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi also known as the Pembrokshire Corgi traces its origin to the Pembroke County of Englands south Wales province.  Corgi is a word that originates from the Welsh cor which refers to dwarf and ci which refers to dog. The ci was interpreted to gi to bring out the name corgi. First historical evidence of the existence of this dog type was traced to the year 920 A.D and such evidence is found in the laws Hywel Dda who was then King of South Wales. In these laws, a herds-dog was clearly differentiated from a watch dog or house dog. Some historians have held onto the belief that the Corgi prevailed as the dominant herding dog in Wales until the 19th Century. But herding dogs could have been of many different types and the law did not clearly indicate whether corgis were the only herders. Beyond its breeding purpose, the corgi can be traced to Neolithic times when they were used to herd large flocks of duck and geese which were reared for the mass production of feathers and liver paste. In Britain, the corgi became a Welsh cattle driver although it was also used to guard the farmyard against vermin invasion as well as guarding poultry against predators. Corgis were also used in gathering the flock at nightfall and became very hardy guards when farmers were driving huge flocks of geese to the markets either local or in London. For the purpose of driving geese to markets, corgis displayed a vey unique expertise and a team of them would walk along the roads to prevent any of the birds from escaping. They were also used as cattle herders although they excelled as market dogs. Although Welsh Corgis were displayed in England after WWI, little progress was made towards improving the breed until 1925 when the Welsh Corgi Club was established. Close relatives of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi include the Norwegian Buhund, Swedish Vallhund also referred to as the Vastergotland Spitz, the Schipperke and the much larger older type known as the Pomeranian (Hedgepath s 3-5 Eldredge 20 Choron S  Choron H 142, 170).
   
In 1933, King George VI purchased a Pembrokshire Corgi named Rozavel Golden Eagle for his daughters Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret Rose. This royal act created a lot of popularity for this dog type as it attracted the attention of the public and also helped to spread the popularity of this breed in this native land, a trend that has continued to this day. The British Royal family has continued to breed the Pembroke and it has become a part of royal family life. Currently, Queen Elizabeth is famed for her personal commitment to her corgis including selecting the right sires that are reproduced in her kennel. After about 75 years in the practice, she is certainly the typical example of breed loyalty. Such royal interest in the breeding of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi has also given this dog type more extraordinary popularity. The Corgis are no longer the property of South Wales farmers and are now found all over the globe especially in several of the countries that belong to the British Commonwealth especially in Australia and New Zealand. Another famous Pembroke owner is the illustrator and well-known artist Tarsha Tudor who proudly decorates her exquisite drawings with sketches of her most loved family of Pembrokes. A red and white corgi that she calls Caleb is the hero in her two fanciful books titled The Great Corgiville Kidnapping and Corgiville Fair.  Other famous Pembroke owners include the actress Ava Gardner, opera singer Beverly Sills, Olympic gold-medalist Greg Louganis and General Charles de Gaulle of France. One of the most successful Pembrokes on the show ring is popularly known as Fizz and is co-owned by Roberto C. Goizueta, the chairman of the Coca-Cola Company (Eldredge 24, 26 Hedgepath  6 Choron S  Choron H 167 and Alexander  1).
   
The year 1933 also marks the introduction of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi to the United States of America (USA). During this year, the wife to Lewis Roesler who later remarried and became Mrs. Edward Renner visited London and at Paddington Station, she came across a red and white Pembroke that had been named Little Madam. She had first-sight attraction towards the dog and bought it immediately. Mrs. Roesler also bought another young dog from a Wales Corgi kennel and took the two dogs with her back to the USA. These were the first Pembrokes to arrive in America and they were reared at Mrs. Roeslers Massachusetts based kennels famously known as the Merriedip Old English Sheepdog Kennels. That same year, Mrs. Roesler registered her corgis with the American Kennel Club as the first Pembrokes registered with this club. Soon after, Little Madam established her presence on American soil by earning her AKC championship. In February 1936 during the New York City based Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show (WKCDS), the PWCCA (Pembroke Welsh Corgi Club of America held its first gathering. This became the parent club of the Pembroke breed in America and takes cares of all matters regarding the development and maintenance of this particular breed of dogs. In the USA, the PWCCA has spread its membership throughout the country and holds an exclusively Pembroke Welsh Corgi show where this breed of dogs compete for national honor. The show is an annual event and attracts hundred of Americas top corgis for ardent competition (Eldredge 24-25).
  
 In 1934, The Kennel Club of Britain recognized both the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and its relative the Cardigan Welsh Corgi as separate breeds. Clifford Hubbard, the most renowned Welsh dog authority at the time noted that the Pembrokes existence dated as far back as the 10th Century during the reign of   King Hywel Dda who was then King of Wales. Dog owners were henceforth given a choice of the type of corgi one wanted to breed and could enter their dogs into the club register as either Pembroke or Cardigan. Before the onset of World War II, many outstanding kennels had been established both in Britain and across the Atlantic. Although British-bred Pembrokes continue to attract a widespread admiration and are exported to other parts of the world for the specialty of their heritage, many kennels in other parts of the world have been successful in breeding top-notch corgis. In America for example, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi has really flourished within the last eight decades. British imports are however introduced once in a while and America-bred corgis have also been exported to other nations as a way of widening their gene pools. Due to the popularity of pure-bred dogs as family companions whereby most families desire to add a companion of acknowledged size and temperament, the Pembroke has grown in popularity and currently ranks twenty-second in the AKC enrollment records. Although this dog breed is no longer rare, careful breeders dont want the Pembroke Welsh Corgi to become popular thro-away pets and have created standards for quality breeding of the animal (Hedgepath  6 Eldredge 24).
   
Dog breeding is a very serious responsibility and over the years, a Breed Standard has been established for the Pembroke Welsh Corgi. It gives details on how a properly bred Pembroke should look like, move and act. Because it is a written document, knowledgeable and conscientious dog breeders have used it to evaluate the processes they use in producing ideal quality Pembrokes. To maintain breeding standards, great care is taken to ensure that those animals that have defects in size, appearance, temperament or action are not used for breeding purposes. Also excluded as potential as potential Pembroke parents are those that have recognizable hereditary defects and these substandard animals are either neutered or spayed. PWCCA highly recommends that Pembroke Corgi owners either neuter or spay their animals and most breeders sell their dogs with neuterspay contracts. The organization advices dog owners that neutered or spayed animals have longer lifespans as well as a lower risk of uterine and cancerous infections at an older age. Only knowledgeable dog breeders should do the breeding and undesired animals should be returned to the breeder and not taken to Animal Shelters. For this reason, responsible breeders always strive to stay in touch with their customers. PWCCA and AKC also provide relevant information to prospective Pembroke buyers including addresses of responsible breeders. This helps to maintain purely strong breeds over a long period of time (PWCCA s 12-15 Beauchamp 33).
   
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is long and according to established breeding standards, an average Pembroke Welsh Corgi measures between 10-12 inches tall. Legs should not be too short because this may cause the dog to get too tired while working on the pastures if it is a herder. Breeding standards also require that a balance be struck between the height and length of a good Pembroke in order to maintain the sturdiness that was required in a Welsh herding dog. This breed of dogs is not allowed to carry excess weight. Acceptable weight should measure proportionally to the dog size and should not exceed 28 pounds for bitches and 30 pounds for the dogs. The preferred average weight is 27 pounds for dogs and 25 pounds for bitches. Most Pembrokes usually weigh between 23-30 pounds. Such characteristics as size and weight are therefore very essential in the production of good quality Pembrokes. Although the Pembroke Corgis head resembles that of a fox, a good dog of this type should not have squinty eyes or pointed nose as is characteristic of foxes. The dogs head should not be so round either (Eldredge 12).
   
A well-bred Pembroke Welsh Corgi has a very impressive coat which doesnt tangle and therefore retains no dirt. Such a Pembrokes coat is also water resistant, has a reasonable length that makes it easy to maintain, and also helps to protect the dog from extreme weather conditions. The coat is medium length and has two layers with an invisible softer undercoat that underlies the harder top-coat. This undercoat gives the dog a luxurious feel overall. Some areas of the dogs body have longer hair and these include the very attractive hair around the neck, fancy pants on the back legs also referred to as pantaloons and a very charming coat that covers part of its back.

Well-bred Pembrokes also have a tail-less rear and this too is covered by a very plush coat of hair.  But the Pembrokes beautiful coat also has a downside in that it sheds much of the hair around the neck and on the back legs and a new owner will be surprised at how much hair such a small dog can produce. Although most Pembrokes have straight coats, some display a relatively wavy appearance and some of the dogs are actually born with a fluffier and longer coat. But this is just an extra characteristic of some Pembrokes and this type of coat doesnt have the usual hard growth of hairs that often fends off the sharp ends or projections. The coat also requires some little more care than the usual Pembroke coat with some extra daily grooming being a necessity. This coat type however has an advantage in that it sheds less although this also creates a slight problem in the assessment of the general appearance of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi. Fluffy haired Pembrokes are qualified for competition in every performance activity including agility and obedience.   

Some people who keep Pembrokes as pet dogs trim their coats once in a while but according to the laid down standards, such dogs are prohibited from appearing on the show ring. Breeding standards only allow for the trimming of foot hair and whiskers during competition (Eldredge 17 AKC  13).
   
Pembroke Welsh Corgis come in several colors and shades most of which include stylish patches of white hair. Red dogs range from the foxy dark color to a very light or soft brown. Some red dogs have black tips on the top-coat and are referred to as Sables. This breed of dogs also comes in tricolors which are a mixture of black, white and brown. These are mainly found in two types of Pembrokes namely the black-headed tri and the red-headed tri. Some resemblance may be found among all types. A red-headed tri for example will have the sable appearance over most of the body or across the back. While breeding usually breaks the coat patterns of most Pembrokes, breeding standards require that at least some red or tan color to be present on the coat of a purely bred Pembroke because pure black and white is not permitted. However, practically all Pembrokes have some patch of white color on the chest and also have white socks. In others, a snippet or blaze on the muzzle creates a very attractive look. Pembroke Welsh Corgis are however so varied in color composition that no two corgis will look exactly the same. This is an added advantage that helps to easily identify individual dogs (AKC  14 Eldredge 17-18 Choron S  Choron H 152).
   
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is an extraordinarily beautiful animal. Through careful breeding, very executive colors have been maintained on this breed of corgis is such a way that every effort has been made to maintain as well as improve the original Welsh colors. Careful breeding that involves the British royal family has also increased the popularity of this dog type in such way that it has become a darling of many urban as well as rural pet keepers worldwide especially in the more developed countries.  Celebrity personalities have especially fallen in love with the Pembroke Welsh Corgi making it even more popular because of those pet owners who take up the pet to identify with such celebrities. Pembroke Welsh Corgis are also intelligent and highly sensitive dogs. They are quite easy to train as long as handling is carried out gently and no severe correction is applied. The Pembrokes are generally healthy and have a long lifespan.

This breed of dogs has proved to be an excellent companion for both urban and rural families. Until today, Pembroke Welsh Corgis have maintained a special ability to handle different types of livestock ranging from poultry, pigs and cattle. Because of the variety of duties entrusted to this type of dog, its brave and easily-maintained compact, physical agility and steady temperament have always been dominant characteristics of this dog breed.

The diet for this type of dog should be relatively good and regular medical attention and regular vaccinations should be carried out to protect the animal against diseases. Proper grooming, toenail trimming, dental check-up and regular exercise are also very necessary for the proper maintenance of a healthy Pembroke. A well-kept Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a beauty to its surroundings, performs its duties better and lives longer (PWCCA s 5-6).

No comments:

Post a Comment